Effects of different intensity of exercise combined with dietary intervention on body composition, lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease female college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the effects of different intensity of exercise combined with dietary intervention on body composition, lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in obese (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD) college students, so as to provide a theoretical reference for improving the health of the obese NAFLD female college students. @*Methods@#From March to Aprial 2022, 43 NAFLD female college students were recruited and randomly divided into HIIT group ( n =22) and MICT group( n =21). Subsequently, HIIT group received HIIT combined with diet intervention for 8 weeks and MICT group received MICT combined with diet intervention for 8 weeks, the changes of body composition, lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in NAFLD female college students were compared before and after intervention.@*Results@#Compared with that before the experiment, after 8 weeks of HIIT and MICT combined with dietary intervention, the weight, BMI, body fat mass, trunk fat mass, waist hip ratio and visceral fat area significantly decreased ( t = 15.56, 15.48, 15.74, 13.92, 6.51, 11.55; 13.64, 13.48, 15.82, 6.53, 4.40, 9.53), the levels of cholesterol and triglyceride and low density lipoprotein, bacillus coli and enterococcus significantly decreased ( t =6.75, 2.16, 6.86 , 3.06, 7.85; 3.55, 2.36, 4.00 , 3.32, 5.94); lactobacillus and bifidobacterium increased significantly ( t =6.64, 5.89; 5.11, 4.71); however, only HIIT group had a significant increase in the level of high density lipoprotein( t =5.08)( P <0.05). Compared with MICT group, body fat mass, trunk fat mass, visceral fat area and cholesterol level in HIIT group were significantly lower than those in MICT group ( t=2.20 , 2.10, 2.15, 2.26, P <0.05). There were no significant differences in other indicators between the two groups ( P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#The results show that HIIT and MICT have benefical effects on body composition, lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in obese NAFLD female college students , but HIIT is superior to MICT intervention in reducing body fat mass, visceral fat and improving lipid metabolism.

The safety and efficacy of hypothermia combining mechanical thrombectomy or thrombolysis in the treatment of ischemic stroke: A systematic meta-analysis

Abstract Background Stroke is a major global public health problem, affecting 13.7 million people worldwide. Previous studies have found a neuroprotective effect of hypothermia therapy and the efficacy and safety of combined hypothermia and mechanical thrombectomy or thrombolysis in the treatment of ischemic stroke have also attracted attention. Objective In the present research, the authors conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the safety and efficacy of hypothermia combining mechanical thrombectomy or thrombolysis in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Methods Articles published from January 2001 to May 2022 were searched from Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and PubMed to evaluate the clinical significance of hypothermia treatment in ischemic stroke. Complications, short-term mortality, and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) in the full text was extracted. Results 89 publications were selected and 9 among them were included in this study with sample size of 643. All selected studies are in accordance with the inclusion criteria. Forest plot of clinical characteristics was as follows: complications (RR = 1.132, 95% CI 0.942‒1.361, p = 0.186, I2= 37.2%), mortality within 3 months (RR = 1.076, 95% CI 0.694‒1.669, p = 0.744, I2= 0.00%), mRS ≤ 1 at 3 months (RR = 1.138, 95% CI 0.829‒1.563, p = 0.423, I2= 26.0%), mRS ≤ 2 at 3 months (RR = 1.672, 95% CI 1.236‒2.263, p = 0.001, I2=49.6%) and mRS ≤ 3 at 3 months (RR = 1.518, 95% CI 1.128‒2.043, p = 0.006, I2= 0.00%). The funnel plot suggested that there was no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis on complications, mortality within 3 months, mRS ≤ 1 at 3 months and mRS ≤ 2 at 3 months. Conclusion In summary, the results showed that hypothermia treatment was correlated with mRS ≤ 2 at 3 months, but not linked with complications and mortality within 3 months.

Disseminated cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans a case report and review / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: To analyze the clinical, therapeutic and laboratory characteristics of disseminated cryptococcosis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans invading the blood stream in patient with liver cirrhosis and splenectomy. A 30-year-old male underwent splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization due to "splenomegaly and hypersplenism" in March in 2016. The patient had intermittent fever after operation for many times, and successively accompanied with back pain, left lower limb abscess and right hip pain. The highest body temperature was 39 ℃. CT and MRI revealed the lung lesion and multiple bone destruction. During that period, the effect of antibiotics was not good. On April 19th, 2017, Gram's stain, India ink stain, API 32C, Vitek 2 Compact, ribosomal ITS and IGS sequence analysis were performed to identify the strain isolated from the pus and blood stream. The serum of the patient was detected for cryptococcal antigen. Antifungal susceptibility test was used to determine drug sensitivity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from fresh pus specimen showed a prominent, thick capsule after India ink stain. The colonies isolated from pus and blood stream were identified Cryptococcus neoformans using API 32C, Vitek 2 Compact, and sequence analysis of rDNA ITS and IGS. Cryptococcal capsule antigen was positive. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of 5-Flucytosine, amphotericin B, fluconazole, itriconazole, voriconazole against the isolate were <4 μg/mL, <0.5 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL, ≤0.25 μg/mL, 0.125 μg/mL respectively. The patient was initially treated with intravenous amphotericin B and flucytosine. After anti-Cryptococcus treatment for two months, the patient clinically improved, and the lesions were reduced on a follow-up CT scan. The patient made a full functional recovery after treatment for six months. Cryptococcosis has hidden onset, atypical clinical symptoms and lack of specificity. Blood stream is the main channel for Cryptococcus to spread and involve many organs of the whole body, including skin, bone and so on. Therefore, early use of blood culture to monitor blood flow dissemination, actively removing the primary focus and cutting off the infection route in time and carrying out effective anti-Cryptococcus treatment are conducive to the patient's early recovery.

Relationship between prepregnancy body mass index weight gain during pregnancy and offspring body composition during preschool age / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index, weight gain during pregnancy with preschool obesity and body composition in offspring, so as to provide evidence for gestational weight gain and childhood obesity prevention.@*Methods@#A total of 1 333 preschool children were recruited from 3 kindergartens in Tianjin from September to December 2020. Structured questionnaire was used to collect children s lifestyle information. Height, weight and body fat mass of children were assessed, and body fat percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI) and non fat mass index (FFMI) were calculated. Maternal medical records were collected and the mothers were grouped according to their prepregnancy weight status and weight gain during pregnancy. χ 2 test, t test, linear regression model and Logistic regression were used to analyze the differences of obesity and body composition among different groups.@*Results@#The prevalence of overweight and obesity in preschoolers was 12.7% and 7.7%. After adjusting maternal age and delivery, gestational age, gender, age and lifestyle of children, the correlation between maternal pre pregnancy BMI,gestational weight gain with obesity and body composition indexes of children in preschool age was statistically significant ( P <0.05). For mothers with normal weight before pregnancy, excessive weight gain during pregnancy increased risk of high FM% and high FMI in offspring ( OR=1.81, 1.68, P <0.05). There was no significant correlation between maternal weight gain during pregnancy with offspring obesity and body composition among mothers with prepregnant overweight or obesity.@*Conclusion@#Maternal weight status before pregnancy and weight gain during pregnancy are correlated with obesity and body composition in the preschool age of offspring. It is suggested that mothers should maintain appropriate weight status before and during pregnancy.

Comparison of five occupational health risk assessment models applied to silica dust hazard in small open pits / 预防医学

Objective@#To quantitatively compare five occupational health risk assessment models in assessing silica dust hazard risk in small open pits, so as to provide the reference for the research of occupational health risk assessment methodology@*Methods @#Seven small open pits were selected as the evaluation sites. The models from Singapore, the United Kingdom's Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Essentials ( COSHH Essentials ), Australia, Romania, and the International Council on Mining and Metals ( ICMM ) were applied to assessing the occupational health risk of the workers exposed to silica dust. The risk ratios ( RRs ) were calculated, and the parallelism, accuracy and correlation of the evaluation results of the five models were compared. @*Results @#The RRs of the Singaporean model, COSHH model, Romanian model, Australian model and ICMM model were 0.8, 1.0, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8, respectively. The Singaporean model and the Australian model were able to distinguish transport drivers from sprinkler drivers in the health risk exposed to silica dust, which was consistent with the actual risk of the two posts. Except for COSHH model, the RRs of the other four models were positively correlated ( P<0.05 ); the RRs were all positively correlated with concentration ratios ( CRs ) ( P<0.05 ), and the correlation coefficient between RRs and CRs of the Singaporean model was the largest (0.801).@*Conclusion @#Among the five models, the Singaporean model can more accurately evaluate the hazard risk of silica dust in posts of open pits, and has a good correlation with the other models.

Construction of the hit-deficient mutant strain of Streptococcus mutans ATCC25175 / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#To construct a hit-deficient mutant strain of S. mutans ATCC25175 and verify its cell cycle regulatory function.@*Method @# Genomic DNA was extracted from S. mutans ATCC25175 strains, and then the upstream and downstream DNA fragments of the hit gene were cloned into the pFW5 vector (spectinomycin resistant) to construct recombinant plasmids using PCR amplification. Third, employed by natural genetic transformation in S. mutans ATCC25175 strains, the linearized recombinant plasmids were transformed into their genetic competence, induced by the synthesized competence-stimulating peptide (CSP), and then, homologous recombination was utilized to produce crossover and noncrossover products. Fourth, the hit-deficient mutant strains of S. mutans ATCC25175 were screened through the spectinomycin-resistance marker and identified by the electrophoresis of PCR products and PCR Sanger sequencing. Finally, its growth rate in vegetative BHI medium was also investigated.@* Results @# The upstream (856 bp) and downstream (519 bp) DNA fragments of the hit gene from the genomic DNA materials of S. mutans ATCC25175 were cloned into two multiple cloning sites (MCS-I and MCS-II) of the pFW5 vector, respectively, and the recombinant plasmid pFW5_hit_Up_Down was constructed and identified by double-emzyme digestion and PCR Sanger sequencing. The linearized recombinant plasmids were transformed into their genetic competence, induced by the synthetic CSP, and then, homologous recombination was utilized to produce various products. The hit-deficient mutant strains of S. mutans ATCC25175 were screened through the spectinomycin resistance marker and identified by the electrophoresis of PCR products and Sanger sequencing. The growth rate of the hit-deficient mutant strains versus their parental S. mutans ATCC25175 strains was increased greatly (P<0.001).@* Conclusion@# The hit-deficient mutant strains of S. mutans ATCC25175, having heritable traits, were successfully constructed, and the encoding Hit protein is growth-phase regulated in the cell cycle.

Generalized anxiety disorder in type 2 diabetes mellitus: prevalence and clinical characteristics

Objective: This study investigated the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted with a random sample of patients from the entire population of National Health Insurance enrollees during 2000-2010 and used ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes to identify T2DM patients and GAD. The prevalence of GAD was compared between T2DM patients and the general population. Results: Between 2000 and 2010, the prevalence of GAD was significantly greater in the T2DM patients than the general population, while the increase of GAD was higher in the general population (from 0.25 to 0.63%) than among T2DM patients (from 0.81 to 1.03%). In T2DM patients, GAD was associated with female gender, a Charlson Comorbidity Index ≥ 1, diabetes mellitus duration > 9 years, and the following comorbidities: congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, and depressive disorder. The prevalence of GAD among T2DM patients was negatively associated with rapid-acting insulin injection therapy and with the use of metformin and sulfonylureas. Conclusion: Since the prevalence of GAD was greater among T2DM patients than the general population, public health initiatives are needed to prevent and treat GAD in T2DM patients, specifically those with the above mentioned risk factors.

CSCO ablation expert workshop report: Recommendations for the management of tumor ablation during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic since its outbreak in December 2019, which posed a threat to the safety and well-being of people on a global scale. Cancer patients are at high risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, and their critical morbidity and case fatality rates are high. The ablation expert committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology compiled corresponding expert recommendations. These recommendations summarize the preventive measures and management of tumor ablation treatment in medical institutions, including outpatient clinics, oncology wards, ablation operation room, and postablation follow-ups in accordance with the guidelines and protocols imposed by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China and the experience in management and prevention according to various hospitals. This consensus aims to reduce and prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and its cross-infection between cancer patients in hospitals and provide regulatory advice and guidelines for medical personnel

Application value of magnetic resonance hydrography of the inner ear in cochlear implantation

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the application value of magnetic resonance (MR) hydrography of the inner ear in cochlear implantation. METHODS 146 patients were enrolled. MR hydrography and spiral CT examinations for the intracranial auditory canal were performed before surgery, and all imaging results were statistically analyzed in order to explore the application value of MR hydrography of the inner ear in cochlear implantation. RESULTS 146 patients (292 ears) were examined. Among these patients, 13 were diagnosed with abnormal vestibular aqueducts (20 ears) by MR hydrography, while five were diagnosed with this disease by CT; 15 patients were diagnosed with inner ear malformation (19 ears) by MR hydrography, while 11 were diagnosed by CT (four were misdiagnosed); five patients were diagnosed with internal acoustic canal stenosis (eight ears) by MR hydrography, while two were diagnosed by CT (three were misdiagnosed); and four patients were diagnosed with cochlear fibrosis (five ears) by MR hydrography, while four were diagnosed by CT (four ears). The correct rate of diagnosis was 77.40% (113/146) based on CT, while the rate was 93.84% (137/146) based on MR hydrography. CONCLUSIONS MR hydrography imaging technique can be applied to the preoperative evaluation of cochlear implantation, providing accurate and reliable anatomic information on the inner membranous labyrinth and nerves in the internal acoustic canal and an accurate basis for the diagnosis of cochlear fibrosis and nerve development. This has a guiding significance for the selection of treatment schemes.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Este estudo visa investigar o valor da aplicação da hidrografia por ressonância magnética (RM) do ouvido interno no implante coclear. MÉTODOS Cento e quarenta e seis pacientes foram inscritos. Os exames da hidrografia por RM e do CT espiral para o canal auditivo intracraniano foram executados antes da cirurgia, e todos os resultados da imagem foram analisados estatisticamente, a fim de explorar o valor da aplicação da hidrografia por RM do ouvido interno no implante coclear. RESULTADOS Centro e quarenta e seis pacientes (292 ouvidos) foram examinados. Dentre esses pacientes, 13 foram diagnosticados com aquedutos vestibulares anormais (20 ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto cinco pacientes foram diagnosticados com esta doença pelo CT; 15 pacientes foram diagnosticados com malformação do ouvido interno (19 ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto 11 pacientes foram diagnosticados por CT (quatro foram diagnosticados erroneamente); cinco pacientes foram diagnosticados com estenose de canal acústico interno (oito ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto dois pacientes foram diagnosticados por CT (três foram diagnosticados erroneamente); e quatro pacientes foram diagnosticados com fibrose coclear (cinco ouvidos) pela hidrografia por RM, enquanto quatro foram diagnosticados por CT (quatro ouvidos). A taxa correta de diagnóstico foi de 77,40% (113/146) com base no CT, enquanto a taxa foi de 93,84% (137/146) com base na hidrografia por RM. CONCLUSÕES A técnica de imagem da hidrografia por RM pode ser aplicada à avaliação pré-operatória do implante coclear, que pode fornecer informações anatômicas precisas e confiáveis sobre o labirinto membranoso interno e os nervos no canal acústico interno, além de uma base exata para o diagnóstico da fibrose coclear e do desenvolvimento do nervo. Isso tem um significado orientador para a seleção de esquemas de tratamento.

Recommendation on global prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 in the early stage / 预防医学

@#Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus（SARS-CoV-2）is highly infectious and people are generally susceptible to it. In this article,we reviewed current research into the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19）,introduced China's effective prevention and control experience,preliminarily summarized the phased Results of China's fight against the COVID-19,and reviewed the early measures taken by Singapore,Japan,Italy,Iran and South Korea. We recommended China’s prevention and control measures in response to COVID-19 to the world;appealed to pay attention to non-drug interventions,to strengthen the cooperation and sharing of COVID-19 epidemic data and research,to improve the global ability in respond to public health emergencies,and to reduce the impact of COVID-2019 on the sustainable development of economy and society.

Twin-arginine signal peptide of Bacillus licheniformis GlmU efficiently mediated secretory expression of protein glutaminase

Background: Protein glutaminase specifically deamidates glutamine residue in protein and therefore significantly improves protein solubility and colloidal stability of protein solution. In order to improve its preparation efficiency, we exploited the possibility for its secretory expression mediated by twin-arginine translocation (Tat) pathway in Bacillus licheniformis. Results: The B. licheniformis genome-wide twin-arginine signal peptides were analyzed. Of which, eleven candidates were cloned for construction of expression vectors to mediate the expression of Chryseobacterium proteolyticum protein glutaminase (PGA). The signal peptide of GlmU was confirmed that it significantly mediated PGA secretion into media with the maximum activity of 0.16 U/ml in Bacillus subtilis WB600. A mutant GlmU-R, being replaced the third residue aspartic acid of GlmU twin-arginine signal peptide with arginine by site-directed mutagenesis, mediated the improved secretion of PGA with about 40% increased (0.23 U/ml). In B. licheniformis CBBD302, GlmU-R mediated PGA expression in active form with the maximum yield of 6.8 U/ml in a 25-l bioreactor. Conclusions: PGA can be produced and secreted efficiently in active form via Tat pathway of B. licheniformis, an alternative expression system for the industrial-scale production of PGA.

Correlation between human leukocyte antigen-G expression and clinical parameters in oral squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a tumor-associated molecule, whose expression may help the cancer cells to escape the immune response. AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of HLA-G level in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 52 patients who had definite pathological diagnosis and 20 cases of healthy controls were enrolled in this clinical trial. Immunohistochemisty (IHC) and quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis were considered for HLA-G identification and multilevel validations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and statistical significance was determined at P < 0.05. RESULTS: IHC results demonstrated that the expression of HLA-G in OSCC was strongly positive and the rate of positive expression was 55.77% (29/52), but the expression of HLA-G in healthy controls was negative (0/20). Furthermore, RT-PCR results showed that the positive expression rate of HLA-G messenger RNA was weak in healthy controls, but strong in OSCC. Besides, HLA-G expression in the tumors was significantly correlated with histological grade. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that HLA-G is associated with the prognosis of OSCC and may serve as a novel therapeutic target.

Multiple factors affect the regeneration of liver

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To study factors affecting the liver regeneration after hepatectomy METHODS With 3D reconstitution technology, liver regeneration ability of 117 patients was analysed, and relative factors were studied. RESULTS There was no statistically difference between the volume of simulated liver resection and the actual liver resection. All livers had different degrees of regeneration after surgery. Age, gender and blood indicators had no impact on liver regeneration, while surgery time, intraoperative blood loss, blood flow blocking time and different ways of liver resection had a significant impact on liver regeneration; In addition, the patients' own pathological status, including, hepatitis and liver fibrosis all had a significant impact on liver regeneration. CONCLUSION 3D reconstitution model is a good model to calculate liver volume. Age, gender, blood indicators and biochemistry indicators have no impact on liver regeneration, but surgery indicators and patients' own pathological status have influence on liver regeneration.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estudar os fatores que afetam a regeneração hepática após hepatectomia. MÉTODOS A capacidade de regeneração hepática de 117 pacientes foi analisada com a tecnologia de reconstituição 3D e foram estudados os fatores relacionados. RESULTADOS Não houve diferença estatística significante entre o volume de ressecção hepática simulada e a ressecção atual. Todos os fígados apresentaram diferentes graus de regeneração após cirurgia. Idade, gênero e indicadores sanguíneos não tiveram impacto na regeneração hepática, enquanto que tempo de cirurgia, perda sanguínea intraoperatória, tempo de bloqueio do fluxo sanguíneo e diferentes formas de ressecção mostraram impacto significante na regeneração do órgão. Além disso, condições patológicas dos pacientes, incluindo hepatite e fibrose hepática, tiveram impacto significante na regeneração hepática. CONCLUSÃO O modelo de reconstituição 3D é um bom modelo para calcular o volume do fígado. Idade, gênero, indicadores sanguíneos e bioquímicos não tiveram impacto na regeneração hepática, mas indicadores operatórios e condição patológica dos pacientes mostraram influência na regeneração do órgão.

Long non-coding RNA-ROR aggravates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, especially in myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we determined the role and the possible underlying molecular mechanism of lncRNA-ROR in myocardial I/R injury. H9c2 cells and human cardiomyocytes (HCM) were subjected to either hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), I/R or normal conditions (normoxia). The expression levels of lncRNA-ROR were detected in serum of myocardial I/R injury patients, H9c2 cells, and HCM by qRT-PCR. Then, levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were measured by kits. Cell viability, apoptosis, apoptosis-associated factors, and p38/MAPK pathway were examined by MTT, flow cytometry, and western blot assays. Furthermore, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was determined by H2DCF-DA and MitoSOX Red probes with flow cytometry. NADPH oxidase activity and NOX2 protein levels were measured by lucigenin chemiluminescence and western blot. Results showed that lncRNA-ROR expression was increased in I/R patients and in H/R treatment of H9c2 cells and HCM. Moreover, lncRNA-ROR significantly promoted H/R-induced myocardial injury via stimulating release of LDH, MDA, SOD, and GSH-PX. Furthermore, lncRNA-ROR decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, and regulated expression of apoptosis-associated factors. Additionally, lncRNA-ROR increased phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2 expression and inhibition of p38/MAPK, and rescued lncRNA-ROR-induced cell injury in H9c2 cells and HCM. ROS production, NADPH oxidase activity, and NOX2 protein levels were promoted by lncRNA-ROR. These data suggested that lncRNA-ROR acted as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of myocardial I/R injury.

Application of transection of glissionean sheath for laparoscopic anatomic liver resection / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To study the clinical value of transection of Glissonean sheath for laparoscopic anatomic liver resections. Methods The patients of liver resections using laparoscopic Glissonean sheath-transection anatomy technology were 20 cases with liver lesions including 12 cases of primary liver cancer, 4 cases of intrahepatic bile duct stones, 2 cases of liver hemangioma,1 case of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver (FNH) and 1 case of hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs). Results Surgical procedures included segment Ⅱ, Ⅲ,Ⅳ in 6 cases, segmentⅡ, Ⅲ in 5 cases, segmentⅤ, Ⅵ, Ⅶ, Ⅷ in 3 case, segmentⅤin 1 case, segment Ⅵ in 2 cases, segment Ⅵ, Ⅶ in 3 cases. Mean operation time is (144.77 ± 24.68) min. The mean blood loss in operation is (279.00 ± 132.70) ml. The mean postoperative hospital stay is (8.22 ± 1.40) d. Biliary fistula occurred in 1 case, subphrenic infection occurred in 1 case,and it was cured with medical therapy. No postoperative complications such as bleeding occurred. Conclusion Based on these preliminary results, we conclude that laparoscopic Glissonean sheath-transection technology for liver resection can be well applied in laparoscopic liver segment resection above liver resection avoiding problems such as instant bleeding and manipulation of ducts, can be carried out safely and effectively by experienced laparoscopists in selected cases, of whose liver lesions were located in left liver lobe and some segments of right liver lobe.

Mycotic aneurysm due to Salmonella species: clinical experiences and review of the literature

The mortality of patients with mycotic aneurysms is high, especially in East Asia, and infection by Salmonella species is the most common. Our study aimed to improve prognosis of adult mycotic aneurysms with early diagnosis and accurate treatment. Four adult patients with mycotic aneurysm caused by Salmonella were included and analyzed by single-center retrospective analysis. Cases reported in the literature during the past 10 years were also summarized. The average age of the 4 male patients was 61.25 years, while that of the 53 cases reported in the literature was 65.13 years. Hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis were common complications. Most patients presented fever and experienced pain at the corresponding position of the aneurysm. Laboratory examination found an increased number of white blood cells accompanied by an increase in inflammatory markers. Most aneurysms were found in the abdominal aorta, while the rupture of an aneurysm was the most common complication. The mortality rates were 21.43 and 7.14% after open surgery or endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) intervention, respectively. The recurrence rates of infection were 0 and 17.85% for both treatments, respectively. The mortality rate of mycotic aneurysm caused by Salmonella infection was high in middle-aged males with hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. The possibility of a Salmonella-infected aneurysm should be considered in these high-risk groups presenting chills, fever, chest, and back pain. Open surgery was superior to EVAR treatment in the clearance of infected foci and the reduction of postoperative recurrence. The recurrence of postoperative infection can be prevented by intravenous antibiotic therapy for 6 weeks post-surgery.

In vivo and in vitro activity of oil extract of garlic (Allium sativum Linnaeus) against Schistosoma japonicum cercariae

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The activity of garlic oil extract against Schistosoma japonicum cercariae was evaluated. METHODS: The in vitro and in vivo cercaricidal activities against S. japonicum larvae were determined. RESULTS: Exposure to ≥ 10-6 (v/v) garlic emulsions for 30 min led to 100% cercariae mortality; pre-exposure treatment with ≥ 10-4 (v/v) garlic emulsions showed 100% preventive efficacy against S. japonicum infection, while pre-treatment with 10-5 and 10-6 (v/v) emulsions achieved 20%-40% preventive efficacy and 35.2%-63.6% worm burden reduction. CONCLUSIONS: Garlic oil extract has activity against S. japonicum larvae and a promising preventive efficacy against S. japonicum infection.

Postoperative analgesic effect and impact on immune function of ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block used in elderly patients after laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To observe the effect of ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block used in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients on postoperative analgesic and impact on immune function. Methods Sixty cases need laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients with admission order number to take the digital randomized method was divided into abdominal transverse muscle block group and saline control group. The transversus abdominis plane block group underwent ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block after induction of general anesthesia while accepted intravenous injection of 0.25%ropivacaine hydrochloride of 30 ml; Saline control group took equal volume intravenous saline. After operation all were given analgesia pump: Sufentanil 1.00 μg/kg + Ondansetron 16.00 mg + Dezocine 10.00 mg + saline to configure for 100 ml, and set 2 ml/h and 15 min of automatic control time. To observe visual analogue score (VAS) and related indexes of hemodynamics before anesthesia (T0), 1 h after operation (T1), 12 h after operation (T2), 24 h after operation (T3) and 48 h after operation (T4) between two groups; Record 24 h analgesia pressing times and total postoperative Sufentanil; And take venous blood to measure CD4+%, CD8+% level by flow cytometry and determinate interferon gamma (IFN-γ) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Then compare postoperative adverse reactions of two groups. Results Compared with saline control group,transversus abdominis plane block group' MAP decreased in T1, T2, and HR decreased in T2 and T3 (P < 0.05). Transversus abdominis plane block groups' MAP in T1 was higher than T0, and HR in T1, T2 was higher than that of T0 (P < 0.05). Compared with saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' VAS scores were lower at the T1, T2, T3, T4, else postoperative 24 h pressing times and amount of Sufentanil were decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' CD4+% levels increased in T1, T2, T3 and T4, IFN-γ levels in T2, T3 points were higher (P < 0.05). Compared with the saline control group, transversus abdominis plane block group' rate of adverse reactions was lower (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block used in laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer in elderly patients has better postoperative analgesic effect, stable hemodynamics and less postoperative pain, and it has protective effect on immune function and lower incidence of adverse reactions, so clinical application is safety.

Application of Seasonal Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average Model in Forecasting the Incidence of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Wuhan, China / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) have occurred many times and caused serious health burden in China since 2008.Application of modem information technology to prediction and early response can be helpful for efficient HFMD prevention and control.A seasonal auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for time series analysis was designed in this study.Eighty-four-month (from January 2009 to December 2015) retrospective data obtained from the Chinese Information System for Disease Prevention and Control were subjected to ARIMA modeling.The coefficient of determination (R2),normalized Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) and Q-test P value were used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of constructed models.Subsequently,the best-fitted ARIMA model was applied to predict the expected incidence of HFMD from January 2016 to December 2016.The best-fitted seasonal ARIMA model was identified as (1,0,1)(0,1,1)12,with the largest coefficient of determination (R2=0.743) and lowest normalized BIC (BIC=3.645) value.The residuals of the model also showed non-significant autocorrelations (PBox-Ljung (Q)=0.299).The predictions by the optimum ARIMA model adequately captured the pattern in the data and exhibited two peaks of activity over the forecast interval,including a major peak during April to June,and again a light peak for September to November.The ARIMA model proposed in this study can forecast HFMD incidence trend effectively,which could provide useful support for future HFMD prevention and control in the study area.Besides,further observations should be added continually into the modeling data set,and parameters of the models should be adjusted accordingly.

Estrogen weakens muscle endurance via estrogen receptor-MAPK mediated orosomucoid suppression / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

Gender differences in fatigue, manifesting as female more prone to feel exhausted with lower muscle endurance, still remains unclear mechanism. Here, we investigated whether orosomucoid, an endogenous anti-fatigue protein which can enhance muscle endurance, is involved in this regulation. Female rats showed lower muscle endurance, and this gender difference was disappeared in orosomucoid 1-deficient mice. Female rats also displayed weaker orosomucoid induction in serum, liver and muscle in response to fatigue when compared to male ones. Ovariectomy in female rats results in elevated orosomucoid level and increased swimming time which was reversed by estrogen replenishment, while exogenous estrogen treatment both in male or female mice produced opposite effects. In vitro C2C12 muscle and Chang liver cells, estrogen decreased orosomucoid expression and its promoter activity, and this effect was abolished when estrogen receptor or MAPK was blocked. Thus, estrogen negatively regulates orosomucoid expression, which is responsible for the weaker muscle endurance in females.